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Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells to Treat Acquired Hearing Loss in Kids
Have you ever imagined how a unit of umbilical cord blood can treat your child’s hearing problem? As stated by Dr. James Baumgartner, a pediatric neurosurgeon at Florida Children’s Hospital, umbilical cord blood stem cells can be used to treat many critical conditions among children. Regarding the treatment of acquired hearing loss in children, it was confirmed that the problem of acquired hearing or loss can be treated with autologous umbilical cord blood stem cells.
Acquired hearing loss is a devastating condition in children, which is not present at birth, but acquired later. It is believed that half of the children, who suffer from the disease, received it from their genetics while the other half acquired it through external factors such as too much exposure to antibiotics, prematurity and infections of the recurring ear. And to make matters worse, the severity of the condition is gradually progressive for many children.
Dr. Baumgartner explained how a child learns to speak while listening to others. He said it takes 12 months of normal auditory input for a child to speak. During this period, the child’s brain develops an understanding of spoken language. If the child is not exposed to auditory input for 18 months, the probability of speech is reduced. If he remains deprived of sound for more than 3.2 years, he will probably never speak. This is why acquired hearing loss is considered a critical condition in children.
Wondering what factor leads to acquired hearing loss? Well, there is an organ, called corti, which is located in the inner ear and is considered the microphone of our body. Our auditory nerve fibers are located just below the hair cells in the cortex. And its main function is to pass signals to our brain. The loss of hair cells in the organ of the ears leads to the loss of acquired hearing.
The most common treatments for acquired hearing loss in children are cochlear implants and hearing aids. However, both solutions only solve the symptoms and do not provide a cure. Now let’s move on to how stem cells can treat acquired hearing loss. The researcher believes that the umbilical stem cells can regenerate new hair cells in the organ of the ears, which are responsible for hearing loss.
A trial, inspired by research from Duke University with 30 patients, who suffer from acquired hearing loss, shows that cord blood transplants can be a treatment for sensorineural hearing loss due to mucopolysaccharidosis. The results show that hearing loss can be easily measured. The unit is called ABR which is a count of functioning hair cells. If the transplant shows an improvement in ABR, it suggests that functioning hair cells are increasing in number. In a previous track, human umbilical cord blood stem cells were used to treat hearing loss in a mouse model, which resulted in the replacement of hair cells. Baumgartner added: “There was a fairly significant improvement. Especially if the stem cell transplant was done before 25 months of age.
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