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Electric Cars Are Going To Rule The Road
Fossil fuels are a finite resource that will eventually run out. This is a fact, but steps are being taken to replace fossil fuels with synthetic products made from organic materials such as corn and algae. What is driving the surge in alternative fuel research is the high cost of fossil fuels and the need for cleaner alternatives. In fact, it now makes financial sense to develop alternatives. This is the same motivation for research and development of hybrid and all-electric vehicles.
Electric vehicles have the greatest impact on reducing the demand for fossil fuels, and at the same time they are better for the environment.
To be clear, the definition of an electric vehicle is a vehicle that is propelled by one or more electric motors that use electrical energy stored in some form of energy storage, such as a battery. An electric car with electric motors and an internal combustion engine is a hybrid and does not belong to the category of electric cars.
The world’s first real electric car was built in 1888 by the German manufacturer Flocken Elektrowagen. Electric cars were popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Technological advances in the internal combustion engine, combined with the mass production of internal combustion engine cars, making them less expensive, led to a decline in electric vehicle production. During the fuel crisis of the 1970s and 1980s, interest in electric cars revived, but it was short-lived. Electric cars of the 70s and 80s were expensive, the batteries were huge and slow to charge, and even when fully charged, the distance they could travel was limited. These first electric cars never went into mass production because there was so much against them. However, since 2008, the electric car industry has come into its own with advances in battery technology and smaller, lighter and more efficient electric motors. Due to the increase in crude oil prices and the public recognition of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, sales of electric vehicles have been increasing every year for the past 5 years.
The advantages of electric cars over cars with internal combustion engines is a significant reduction in air pollution, because cars with an electric engine do not emit pollutants from the tailpipe. Reducing greenhouse gases reduces the rate of ozone depletion, slowing global warming. Lower overall fossil fuel consumption also reduces dependence on foreign oil, which in turn reduces concerns about oil prices and supply disruptions.
Electric cars still face obstacles. The main obstacles are the high purchase price, the lack of infrastructure for recharging and the fear of drivers that the batteries will die before reaching their destination. However, these shortcomings are quickly eliminated. Many gas stations and very many cities install charging stations. Additional recharging options will save you from “range anxiety,” the worry that your batteries will die before you arrive at your destination. All new technologies are expensive when they are first implemented, but as demand and then production increases, purchase prices decrease. The gap between electric vehicles and fossil fuel vehicles is already closing.
The leader in sales of electric cars in 2012 was Japan with a share of the world market of 28%. The US is next with 26% of the market, followed by China with 16%, then France with 11% and Norway with 7%. The list of modern mass-produced cars and utility vehicles capable of operating on the highway is as follows:
- Mitsubishi I MiEV
- Chery QQ3 EV
- Chery JAC J3 EV
- Tazzari Zero
- Nissan Leaf
- Nissan Smart
- Wheego Whip Life
- Mia Electric
- Volvo C30 Electric
- BYD e6
- Bolloré Bluecar
- Renault Kangoo ZE
- Renault Fluence ZE
- Renault Zoe
- Ford Focus Electric
- BMW Active E
- Tesla Model S
- Honda Fit EV
- RAV4 EV
- Mitsubishi Minicab MiEV
- Roewe E50
- Mahindra e2o
- Chevrolet Spark EV
- Fiat 500e
- Volkswagen e-Up!
- BMW i3
An impressive list, but many more electric cars are in the planning stages, and all car manufacturers are putting a lot of research and development into electric cars. As production of electric vehicles increases, prices will become more comparable to internal combustion engine and hybrid vehicles.
As more electric vehicles hit the streets, demand for fossil fuels and alternative synthetic fuels will slow, extending the life of oil reserves. This is important because although vehicles burn a lot of oil, manufacturers of plastics, lubricants, etc. there are few alternative raw materials that can replace oil. Without crude oil, the products that define our current lifestyle and standard of living will be radically altered.
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